A Theory of Justice: Original Editi...

A Theory of Justice: Original Editi...

Publisher
Belknap Press: An Imprint of Harvard University Press
Published
2005
Pages
—
ISBN-13
9780674017726
Format
print
Language
English
Book Summary
John Rawls's A Theory of Justice is a landmark work of political philosophy that presents a systematic framework for justice as fairness. Using the original position and veil of ignorance, Rawls argues for principles that ensure equal basic liberties and fair equality of opportunity, while allowing inequalities only if they benefit the least advantaged. This original edition remains essential for understanding modern liberal thought.
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About A Theory of Justice: Original Editi...

A Theory of Justice, first published in 1971, is John Rawls's magnum opus and one of the most influential works of political philosophy in the twentieth century. Rawls develops a contractarian account of justice, asking what principles free and equal citizens would agree to under fair conditions. He introduces the original position and the veil of ignorance, thought experiments that strip away knowledge of one's social status, talents, and conception of the good. From this hypothetical situation, Rawls derives two principles of justice: the first guarantees equal basic liberties for all, and the second permits social and economic inequalities only if they are attached to positions open to all under fair equality of opportunity and if they benefit the least advantaged members of society (the difference principle). This original edition includes Rawls's detailed arguments for these principles and their implications for institutions, civil disobedience, and the good of justice.

Who should read A Theory of Justice: Original Editi...?

This book is essential for students and scholars of philosophy, political science, law, and economics. It is also valuable for anyone interested in debates about justice, equality, and the foundations of liberal democracy. Readers should be prepared for rigorous, abstract argumentation and a lengthy, dense text. It is particularly suited to those seeking a deep understanding of contemporary political theory and the principles that underpin modern welfare states.

Pros & Cons
Pros
  • ✓ Groundbreaking and influential theory of justice
  • ✓ Rigorous and systematic argumentation
  • ✓ Introduces powerful thought experiments like the original position
  • ✓ Provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating social institutions
  • ✓ Essential reading for understanding contemporary political philosophy
Cons
  • ✗ Dense and challenging prose
  • ✗ Lengthy and complex arguments may overwhelm beginners
  • ✗ Abstract reasoning requires patience and careful study
  • ✗ Some concepts are debated and controversial
  • ✗ Original edition lacks later revisions and clarifications
Frequently asked questions
What is the main idea of A Theory of Justice?
Rawls proposes 'justice as fairness,' arguing that principles of justice are those that free and equal citizens would agree to in a fair initial situation, ensuring equal basic liberties and fair equality of opportunity, with inequalities permitted only if they benefit the least advantaged.
What is the original position and the veil of ignorance?
The original position is a hypothetical situation where parties choose principles of justice behind a veil of ignorance, which prevents them from knowing their social status, talents, or conception of the good, ensuring impartiality.
What are Rawls's two principles of justice?
The first principle guarantees equal basic liberties for all. The second principle (the difference principle) allows social and economic inequalities only if they are attached to positions open to all under fair equality of opportunity and if they benefit the least advantaged members of society.
Is this book suitable for beginners?
It is a challenging read for beginners due to its length and abstract arguments. However, with patience and perhaps a companion guide, it is accessible to serious readers interested in political philosophy.
What is the difference between this original edition and the revised edition?
The original 1971 edition contains Rawls's initial formulation. The revised edition (1999) includes minor corrections and some clarifications, but the core arguments remain the same. This original edition is valued for its historical significance.

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